閲讀臺灣地區評論文章（一）
Commentary Articles in Taiwan (I)
臺灣報紙評論文章特色
characteristics in the Taiwan's commentary pieces
（一） 以藍綠立場論事(兩極化)
臺灣報紙立場鮮明，大致可以分爲親中、反綠、反藍、反中和獨派，親中和反綠的被認爲是“統派媒體”屬於泛藍陣營，言論中有明顯的反對臺灣獨立的論述。反藍、反中以及獨派的媒體被認爲是“獨派媒體”，屬於泛綠陣營。政治議題、國家前途議題、經貿議題、教育議題，甚至文化科技議題等都會因爲媒體陣營的不同而出現完全不同的觀點。
(1) Clear distinction between Pan Blue and Pan Green ways of thinking (Polarization)
The opinions commonly heard and expressed can be grouped into two camps. The Pro-unification camp in Taiwan consists of Pro-PRC and Anti-green factions,while the Pro-Independence camp consists of anti-blue, anti-PRC and Advocate for Independence. In Taiwan, almost in all aspects, let it be politics, economic-trade, education, culture or science, view points expressed by these two camp can be widely apart from each other.
（二）批判言辭犀利
由於臺灣選舉活動頻繁，報紙評論文章也被選舉活動牽動，其結果是，評論已選舉輸贏為終極目標，批判對手必然使用犀利言辭，極盡嘲諷之能。
(2) Rhetoric tends to be harsh
Due to the fact that Taiwan constantly is either preparing or holding elections, articles published on newspaper are inevitably election-oriented. Commentators with ideological beliefs tend to use harsh and critical rhetoric to ridicule the opponents.
（三）泛政治化傾向
由於兩岸議題的敏感，各種問題都能觸發政治敏感神經，所有評論文章都脫離不了政治考慮。
(3) Over-Politicizing in topics
Given the sensitivity in the cross-strait issues, any issue is regarded as a cross-strait issue, and all commentary articles are to be read politically
（四）跳脫藍綠的自省式批判並不少見
各大報都有讀者論壇，容許個別讀者發表文章評論時政，讀者多能提出自省式意見，力求言論空間的自由與客觀。
(4) Neutral Introspective thinking on the rise sheds new light
All major newspapers create an opinion forum page to publish articles submitted by individual readers, who tend to more introspective and express more freely, breaking away from the traditional boundary.
（五）牽涉背景龐雜
臺灣雖小，但是政治生態變化迅速，評論文章裏所提及的人事物牽涉面廣，讀者必須熟悉背景，否則難以理解其中微妙。
(5) Lots of background information and allusions are shared and understood only by native readers
Readers may need to have acquired knowledge about the background in order to understand the complete who and what the article is referring to. Taiwan may be a small piece of land on earth, but its political scenery swiftly varies.
2016年5月30日 星期一
中文评论文章的要件/中文評論文章的要件 Major parts in commentary articles in Chinese
中文评论文章的要件
中文評論文章的要件
Major parts in commentary articles in Chinese
When reading a commentary article, it is useful to understand what are normally included by the author
中文評論文章的要件
Major parts in commentary articles in Chinese
When reading a commentary article, it is useful to understand what are normally included by the author
- 标题/標題
- Title
- 事件
- Event/Incident
- 意见/意見
- Opinions
- (a) the author may introduce views by others before he/she reveals his/her own views.
- (b) the author may switch to argue against a view by using the following devices:
- 但是/可是/只是/然而....... (preceded by 虽然 although、尽管 even though、的确 indeed、固然 clearly、...也无可厚非 nothing wrong in...）
- （而）問題是......
- （而）值得注意的是......
- (c) the author may heighten his argument in stronger tone, using the following devices:
- 没想到...竟然... (sth. happens to be ...)
- 照理说...应该..., 可是...竟然... (sth happens against what is normally expected)
- 除非....，否則......一定.... (there is little chance, unless...)
- 即使/就算...， 也不能...... (even if ..., however ....; denying the legitimacy of ...)
- 究竟为什么...？这到底是怎么回事？(really wonder why or what happens, and this will bring the author to provide an answer)
- 道理
- providing rationale
- (a) the author may explain what he/she think to be the way to solve an issue
- (b) the author may point out where the real problem lies in
- (c) the author may cite experts' opinions to support his argument
- 例子
- Examples
- Examples may be provided in a geographic format, citing similar situations across the world's or country's map
- Examples may be provided along the timeline of history, citing stories in the past
- 结论/結論
- Conclusion
- typical expressions found in a concluding part are:
- 由此可见，......；不论.....， 可以确定的是....；......
- (a) solution：只有...，才....； 必须......， 才......
- (b) anticipation：期望......；让我们......
中国媒体评论员都评论些什么？what may trigger commentators' opinions? and what will they normally say?
中国媒体评论员都评论些什么？
What a commentator of Chinese media (either Central or local) tend to comment on?
（1）国家政策 State policies
Formalism; bureaucraticism; epicurianism; wasteful and lavishing practices
（2）社会现象 Social phenomena
Commentators' view:
The government acknowledges the existence of issues and the need to address them
Although there has been success in addressing the issues, there is a lot to be done.
Government is duty-bound and no excuse is allowed. (政府责无旁贷，毫无借口）
Some issues require concerted efforts to solve: relevant authorities, individuals, social groups.
Although there has been measures promulgated, the enforcement is yet too poor. (政策已经出台，但落实情况太差）
Leading cadres should take the lead (领导干部起带头作用） for the general public to follow.
（3）外交话题 Foreign Relationship
Commentators' view:
China is determined on its course to go forward and maintain peaceful relations with neighbors. Regarding North Korea, China wants to make it clear that China won't support the willful action of nuclear detonation by North Korea. (朝鲜一意孤行持续进行核爆）China's Hawks may announce that China is not afraid of being engaged in wars if needed, while the Doves stress China will resort to peaceful means, such as economic development.
（4）军事话题 Military topics
Commentators' view:
China will continue to modernize its defense ability, but will never pose any threat to its neighbors
China appeals that US should not support any type of separatism in Taiwan by providing US weapons, and warns against any move toward that direction.
（5）科技话题 Scientific topics
Commentators' view:
China will adopt effective measures to cope with the serious problems, including preventative actions and contingency actions.
What a commentator of Chinese media (either Central or local) tend to comment on?
（1）国家政策 State policies
- 反腐倡廉 fan3fu3 chang4lian2: Combating corruption and promoting integrity
- 矫正四风 jiao3zheng4 "si4 feng1": Ractifying the "four incorrect practices"
Formalism; bureaucraticism; epicurianism; wasteful and lavishing practices
- 打假 da3jia3 cracking down on counterfeiting
- 反分裂 fan3 fen1lie4 opposing separatism
- 依法治国 yi1fa3 zhi4guo2 ruling by laws
- 京津冀一体化项目 Jing1 Jin1 Ji4 yi1ti3hua4: integration of Beijing, Tianjin and neighboring Hebei cities
- 南水北调项目 nan2shui3 bei3diao4: conducing the water from the south to the north
- 一带一路项目 yi1lu4 yi1dai: one road and one belt (China's maritime silk roads to Europe)
- 城市交通治堵项目 jiao1tong1 zhi4du3: solving the congestion in cities
- 城市防汛治水项目 fang2xun4 zhi4shui3: flood prevention in the cities
- 党员违纪违法问题 dang3yuan2 wei2ji4: disciplinary violation of CCP members
- 官员带病提拔现象 guan1yuan2 dai4bng4 ti2ba2: officials promoted in spite of records of misconduct
- 裸官现象 luo3guan1: naked officials = officials having kids and wife reside in abroad
（2）社会现象 Social phenomena
- 奢靡浪费 she1mi2 lang4fei4: squandering and wasteful life style
- 攀比斗富 pan1bi3 dou4fu4: compete unrealistically and vying over wealth
- 缺乏公德 que1fa2 gong1de2: lack consideration for others
- 三公消费现象 san1gong1 xiao1fei4: three misconducts in using the public funds
- 三公： 公费出国、公车私用、公费招待(traveling, entertaining on public expenses and using public sedan cars for personal purpose)
- 农民工讨薪 nong2min2gong1 tao3xin1: migrant workers ask to be paid fairly and fully
- 乡镇农民上访潮 xiang1zhen4 nong2min2 shang4fang3 chao2: waves of rural peasants collectively visit grade-1 cities to petition for unfair treatment
- 企业欠薪现象 qi3ye4 qian4xin1 xian4xiang4: Chinese corporations delay or fail to pay workers full wages
- 学校填鸭式教育 xue2xiao4 tian2ya1shi4 jiao4yu4: cramming education by many schools
- 一孩政策后遗症 yi1hai2zheng4ce4 hou4yi2zheng4: the impact by the one-child policy on various social aspects
- 有关开放二孩政策的讨论 you3guan1 kai1fang4 er4hai2 zheng4ce4 de tao3lun4: discussion on the lifting the ban on two-children family
- 城管人员和民众冲突 cheng2guan3 ren2yuan2 he2 min2zhong4 chong1tu: conflicts between citizens and "urban management officers"
- 不法网络公关现象 bu4fa3 wang2luo4 gong1guan1: illegal PR efforts in the cyber space (false internet polling)
- 网络造谣罪行 wang3luo4 zao4yao2 zui4xing2: making and spreading rumors via internet
- 网络诈骗罪行 wang3luo4 zha4pian4 zui4xing2: conning and fraudulence via internet
- 封建迷信现象 feng1jian4 mi2xin4 xian4xiang4: feudalistic superstitions (obsessive belief in fengshui, fortune telling, evil sects, etc.)
- 中国烟民持续增加的现象 Zhong1guo2 yan1min2 zhong4duo1: increasing numbers of smokers
Commentators' view:
The government acknowledges the existence of issues and the need to address them
Although there has been success in addressing the issues, there is a lot to be done.
Government is duty-bound and no excuse is allowed. (政府责无旁贷，毫无借口）
Some issues require concerted efforts to solve: relevant authorities, individuals, social groups.
Although there has been measures promulgated, the enforcement is yet too poor. (政策已经出台，但落实情况太差）
Leading cadres should take the lead (领导干部起带头作用） for the general public to follow.
（3）外交话题 Foreign Relationship
- 中国海域主权争议 Disputes over the territorial waters of the China Seas
- 中印边界争议 Sino-Indo border disputes
- 北韩（朝鲜）发展核武问题 North Korea's willfulness in developping nuclear weapons
- 中国遭围堵问题 China's worry about being besieged by US-led containing deployment
- 中国和平崛起承诺 China's commitment to "Rise in Peace"
Commentators' view:
China is determined on its course to go forward and maintain peaceful relations with neighbors. Regarding North Korea, China wants to make it clear that China won't support the willful action of nuclear detonation by North Korea. (朝鲜一意孤行持续进行核爆）China's Hawks may announce that China is not afraid of being engaged in wars if needed, while the Doves stress China will resort to peaceful means, such as economic development.
（4）军事话题 Military topics
- 中国军队现代化 modernization of China's military forces
- 美国对台湾军售 US arms sales to Taiwan
Commentators' view:
China will continue to modernize its defense ability, but will never pose any threat to its neighbors
China appeals that US should not support any type of separatism in Taiwan by providing US weapons, and warns against any move toward that direction.
（5）科技话题 Scientific topics
- 气候极端变化议题 qi4hou4 ji2duan1 bian4hua4 yi4ti2: Extreme Climatic Changes
- 暴雨(bao4yu3; torrential rain)、雪灾(xue3zai1 snow storm)、干旱(gan1han4 draught)、泥石流(ni2shi2liu2 mudslide)、滑坡(hua2po1 landslide)
- 海水淡化技术 hai3shui3 dan4hua4 ji4shu4 ; technology in desalination of sea water
Commentators' view:
China will adopt effective measures to cope with the serious problems, including preventative actions and contingency actions.
訂閱：
文章 (Atom)