territorial terms

Terms related with Territory

領土	领土	lǐngtǔ	◊ territory (of a country)
領空	领空	lǐngkōng	◊ territorial airspace
領海	领海	lǐnghǎi	◊ territorial waters
水域	水域	shuǐyù	◊ waters, body of water
國土	国土	guótǔ	◊ national territory, land
邊界	边界	biānjiè	◊ border, boundary (mostly of a country)
國界	国界	guójiè	◊ national boundaries
省界	省界	shěngjiè	◊ provincial boundary
州界	州界	zhōujiè	◊  state border
入境	入境	rùjìng	◊ enter a country ◊ (in an airport etc.) arrival
出境	出境	chūjìng	◊ leave the country, emigrate ◊ (in an airport etc.) departure
侵犯	侵犯	qīnfàn	◊ encroach upon, intrude, violate
驅逐	驱逐	qūzhú	◊ drive out, expel
巡邏	巡逻	xúnluó	◊ patrol
捍衛	捍卫	hànwèi	◊ guard, protect, defend
戍守	戍守	shùshǒu	◊ guard (the border)
偷渡	偷渡	tōudù	◊ cross (a river etc.) while the enemy is unaware ◊ enter a country illegally, be an illegal immigrant
走私	走私	zǒusī	◊ smuggle

common geographic terms

半島 (ban4dao3, peninsula)
峽谷 (xia2gu3， gorge or canyon)
海峽 (hai3xia3, strait or sea channel)
冰川=冰河 (bing1chuan1/bing1he2, glacier)
冰山 (bing1shan1, iceberg)
高原 (gao1yuan2, plateau)
平原 (ping2yuan2, plain)
流域 (liu2yu4, valley or river basin)
盆地 (pen2di4, basin)
三角洲 (san1jiao3zhou1, delta)
山脈 (shan1mai4, sierra or mountains)
山坡 (shan1po1, slope or terrace)
海灣 (hai3wan1, gulf)

commonly seen flowers

玫瑰 méigui rose
百合 bǎihé lily (the plant or its bulb)
杜鵑 dùjuān azalea (the plant or its flower)
牡丹 mǔdan peony, (the plant or its flower, the Chinese symbol for spring)
菊花 júhuā chrysanthemum (the plant or its flower; the Chinese symbol of autumn)
桂花 guìhuā sweet-scented osmanthus, osmanthus fragrans
梔子花 zhīzihuā gardenia flower
鬱金香 yùjīnxiāng common tulip, tulipa gesneriana (the plant or its flower) 郁金香
蘭花 lánhuā orchid 兰花
風信子 fēngxìnzǐ hyacinth, hyacinthus orientalis
茉莉 mòli jasmine(the plant or its flower)
荷花 héhuā lotus (the plant or its flower)

桃花 táohuā peach blossom
櫻花 yīnghuā oriental cherry (the tree or its flowers)
梅花 méihuā plum blossom (the Chinese symbol of winter); wintersweet

expressions involving animals

羊：sheep, goat, lamb  替罪羊/代罪羔羊(Scapegoat)
牛：cow, cattle 黃牛(scalper n., fail to keep promise v.)，牛步 (sluggish)
蝸牛：snail 無殼蝸牛/无壳蜗牛 (snail without shell, those who do not have their own house)
雞：chicken 野雞車/野鸡车（unlicensed rickshaw or cab)
鴨：duck鴨子划水 (busily working behind the scene)
蝴蝶：butterfly 花蝴蝶 (butterfly, unfaithful lover)
狼：wolf 色狼 (sexual offender)
狗：dog, hound 走狗 (lackey)，狼心狗肺 (heartless and cruel)，鷹犬 same as 走狗
虎：tiger 母老虎 (tiger lady)
獅：lion 河東獅 (frightful wife)
龍/龙：dragon 望子成龍/龙，亞洲四小龍/龙 (Asia's four little tigers)
馬/马：horse 千里馬/马，千里駒/千里驹/qiānlǐ jū (“undiscovered” talented person)
鼠：mouse, rat 胆小如鼠 (cowardly, having no guts)