中國媒體常提到的節日 I (繁體版）傳統篇 和媒體評論

中國媒體常提到的節日(繁體版） I 傳統篇 和媒體評論
（Days/Festivals often mentioned in Chinese Media, Part I, Traditional Ones)


三大節日(Three Major Festivals)

春節（陰曆一月一日，象徵冬天將近，春天將臨；兩週後一月十五日，是元宵節）
Spring Festival or Lunar New Year Day, marking the advent of Spring, the beginning of a lunar year, with Lantern Festival, about two weeks afterward.

端午（陰曆五月五日，象徵夏天到來，同時紀念愛國詩人屈原）
Dragon Boat Festival, marking the coming of summer on the 5th of the 5th lunar month. On this day, people commemorate Qu Yuan, a patriotic poet in ancient time.

中秋（陰曆八月十五，象徵秋天來臨）
Mid-autumn Festival, marking the arrival of autumn on the 15th of the 8th lunar month.


飲食習俗：(relevant food culture)

以上三節被稱為“一年三大節”，按照中國傳統，這三個節日，各有各的飲食傳統：
The "three major festivals" above bring respective foods of celebration

春節：各式的“年菜”：年糕、臘腸、各式乾貨、元宵節的湯圓
Spring Festival: various kinds of "Dishes for New Year", made from New Year Cakes, Cured Sausage, and other dried goods, and dumpling made of stick rice and filled with various fillings for Lantern Festival, which comes fortnight afterwords.
端午：粽子
Dragon Boat Festival: Zongzi, sticky-rice dumpling warpped in leaves, filled with various fillings
中秋：月餅
Mid-autumn Festival: Moon cakes, baked pastry with hard crust filled with various fillings.

Food = Gift = Corruption
以上的食品也成為傳統的節日禮物，大家在這一天之前，都會找機會互相送禮，來代表祝愿和友誼，這也創造了不少商人牟利，以及官員腐敗的機會。
The festival food mentioned above are ideal gift items among family members or friends, who give gifts to one and other as a token of good wishing or friendship. This tradition has also created room for commercial gift makers to boost their profit, as well as the room for corruption among officials.

傳統活動：Relevant activities in tradition

春節：除舊佈新（大規模清潔掃除）、家人團聚吃“年夜飯”、欣賞央視春節晚會（近代）、拜年、出遊“走春”，兩週後的元宵節，人們則要玩花燈，或賞花燈。
Spring Festival: Ringing out the old and Ringing in the new, annual clean-up in larger scale, family reunion during the New Year's Eve in banquet, watching the CCTV New Year's Show (recently), Greeting each other, Picnicking in the outdoors. Lighting up the lanterns and watching lantern exhibition.
端午：準備過夏天，包括衣物換季。龍舟比賽。
Dragon Boat Festival: Getting oneself for the hot season, seasonally changing clothing in the wardrobe. Racing dragon boat.
中秋：家人團圓賞月，中秋夜烤肉（近代發展出來的新習俗）
Mid-autumn Festival: Family reuniting again to enjoy the full moon, while having a BBQ party (a recent practice)


其他次要傳統節日(other traditional days/festival)

清明節 (掃墓節，現在是陽曆四月五日）：前往墓園打掃祭拜祖先或亡者
Tomb Sweeping Day, currently on the 5th of April every year: visit the graveyard of the dead and tidy up the surrounding
中元節（中元普渡日、鬼節，陰曆七月十五）：祭拜無人祭拜的野鬼
Ghost Festival, a day for the living to pay respect and tribute to the dead, especially those souls who are restlessly wandering on the roads. The day is on the 15th of the 7th lunar month.
七夕（陰曆七月七日，相傳是“牛郎和織女在天上相會”的日子，現在是“中國人的情人節”）
Chinese lovers' day, on the 7th of the 7th lunar month. It is believed to be the day when the Niu Lang (a mortal farmer) get to reunite briefly with Zhi Nue, an immortal celestial Weaving Lady.
七夕活動：中國和台灣的夫婦或情人會吃“七夕情人大餐” ，或互相贈送禮物
Relevant activities: Enjoy a lovers' day feast in a restaurant, and give gift between lovers.
重陽（陰曆九月九日，古代的“避難節日”，現在被定為“敬老節”）
Chong Yang Festival, traditionally a day to escape from disaster or plague, but now more known as the day to respect the aged, marking the 9th of the 9th lunar month)


常見評論欄目的觀點
View Points from the Commentators of the Media:

提醒社會大眾，重溫傳統價值（回家探望父母--盡孝道；掃墓--尊敬祖先）
reminding the Chinese citizens of revisiting the traditional values​​ (filial piety in going home, pay respect to ancestors)
感嘆傳統節日“變味”，商業化破壞了傳統的美
lamenting that the traditions have been ruined by over commercialization
警告或提防有人利用傳統節日來謀取個人利益，進行貪腐行為
warning that there are people who use these traditional holidays to fulfill personal financial agenda and carry out corrupted activities.
舉例讚賞政府在因應節日而出台的政策或做法
citing positive sides on the policy related with these festivals
建議政府採取步驟，防範節日所帶來的城市問題（擁堵、不當消費、食品安全問題......等）
providing the government with points or steps to prevent issues brought to the cities due to these festival. (congested roads, unduly consumption, food safety issues, etc.)
提倡科學觀，批判宗教的神秘和迷信
Advocating for scientific approach, and denouncing the mysticism and superstition in religions.