character and word studies "卻/却“

卻/却：(most commonly used as a marker of an opposite notion or description)

.....,但是，事實卻正好相反

.....,但是，事实却正好相反

卻/却：(verb) back off, reject, refuse, retreat, decline

卻步=不往前走=停下來

望而卻步

退卻=往後退（退=卻/却）

卻敵致勝/却敌致胜=打败敌人

冷卻(cooling the heat)

冷卻系統

推卻=客氣地不接受

盛情難卻=必須接受好意

character and word studies "把“

把：(most commonly used as a marker of a pre-posted object)

請你把那件外套拿給我試穿。

请你把那件外套拿给我试穿。

把：(verb) hold; grasp; control; guard

把握機會＝抓住機會

把持＝控制

把關＝嚴格檢查，不隨便放過

把風 (keep lookout for illegal acts)

把脈／把脉(ba3mai4, feel the patient's pulse before reach diagnosis )

把玩=拿在手上玩

投機倒把/投机倒把 (speculate and grasp short term profit)

把：(measure word)

一把刀(a knife)

撈一把/捞一把 (profiteer, reap a fistful of profit)

有兩把刷子(as good as a professional)

把：(noun)

把手(the handle of an object)

門把(door knob)

火把(fire torch)

把戲(circus acrobatics; a trick, game)

（第）一把手 (number one person)

word and character studies 就

就： (most commonly known usage) particle to be placed in front of main verb

我很早就來了

他一來就工作

就：（used as verb) ＝得到；进行；完成 (to take on, dwell upon, approach)

就業／就业(be employed, take a job) vs. 失業／失业

就學／就学(receive schooling) vs. 失學／失学 輟學／辍学

就職／就职(take office) vs. 辭職／辞职 離職／离职

就餐／就餐(eat meals) =用餐

就位 (take position in a ceremony or contest) =就准备位置

就寢／就寝(be in bed sleeping)

就範／就范(be made obedient, yield）

束手就擒／束手就擒(turn oneself in)

功成名就 complete one's job and obtain the fame

遷就／迁就(be accommodating, shift oneself to be closer to sb., change one's schedule to fit other's schedule)

將就／将就(make do, put up with, take it and use it, not fuss about)

因陋就簡/因陋就简(make do with whatever available, not fuss about the shabbiness)

就： (used as noun)

成就(achievement), originated from 功成名就 (have obtain success and fame)

成语：高不成低不就 (pejoratively used)

(unable to get what one desires but unwilling to settle for the lesser, i.e. end up in mediocrity)

就：(topic marker; "dwelling" on the subject of)

兩國外長就兩國近來的外交爭議進行討論

两国外长就两国近来的外交争议进行讨论

more expressions involving animal - bugs

more expressions involving animal - bugs

螞蟻／蚂蚁/mǎyǐ：

熱鍋上的螞蟻 /热锅上的蚂蚁/Rè guō shàng de mǎyǐ(as anxious as an ant on a hot wok)

蟻族 (the "Ants", young unemployed city dwellers reside in shabby places in Beijing)

蛇shé,、蝎子xiēzi、狐狸húlí (snake, scorpion, fox, symbol of cunning personality )

蛇蠍美人／蛇蝎美人 shéxiē měirén (beautiful but evil woman)

狐狸精 húlíjīng(fox disguised in human form; enchantress; pejorative accusation of the mistress)

馬＋牛 (analogy of industrious character)

作牛作馬／作牛作马 (work hard without complaint)

蚊子 / mosquito

蚊子館 (under-used space or building constructed with tax dollars, as a result of poor planning)

建好了以後沒得到充分的利用，養了大堆蚊子

鼠／shǔ /rats
鼠輩小人 villans

狼／láng／wolf
狼心狗肺 lángxīngǒufèi / ungrateful