十種常說的食物

1. 鸡蛋 雞蛋 jīdàn ◊ (hen's) egg [n]
2. 牛奶 牛奶 niúnǎi ◊ (cow's) milk [n]
3. 蔬菜 蔬菜 shūcài ◊ vegetables, greens [n]
4. 水果 水果 shuǐguǒ ◊ fruit(s) [n]
5. 米饭 米飯 mǐfàn ◊ cooked rice [n]
6. 面条 麵條 miàntiáo ◊ noodles
7. 面包 麵包 miànbāo ◊ bread [n]
8. 鸡鸭鱼肉 雞鴨魚肉   jī yā yú ròu ◊ "chicken, duck, fish and meat" ◊ luxurious feasting [phr]
9. 豆腐 豆腐 dòufu ◊ bean curd, tofu [n]
10. 饼 餅 bǐng ◊ a cake, flatbread, biscuit (mostly flat, pan- or oven-baked, or steamed) ◊ a small, round, flat-shaped thing [n]

"Must Know" Chinese Festival/Celebration

春節/节, chun1jie2 (Lunar New Year/Spring Festival, 1st day of 1st Lunar month), also known as 過/过年， guo4nian2
除夕, chu2xi4 (The Eve of Lunar New Year, the last day of the Lunar Year), also known as 大年夜， Da4nian2ye4
元宵, yuan2xiao1 (Lantern Festival, 15th day of the 1st Lunar Month, the first full moon), special food: 湯圓, tang1yuan2 (sticking rice dumplings with filling and served in clear soup)
清明, qing1ming2(Tomb Sweeping Day, normally April 5th, one of the 24 solar terms for Gregorian calendar)
端午, duan1wu3 (Dragon Boat Festival, the 5th day of the 5th Lunar month, marking the arrival of hot weather) (special food: 粽子, zong4zi, sticky rice dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves)
七夕, qi1xi4 （節/节）(the Chinese Lovers' Day, the 7th night of the 7th Lunar Month, when two lovers separated by distance and god's punishment may meet for one night)
中元節/节, zhong1yuan2jie2 (the Ghost Festival, the 7th Full Moon of the year, when Wandering Ghosts are treated with food and drink by all living folks, according to buddhist tradition)
中秋節/节, zhong1qiu1jie2 (Mid Autumn Festival, the 8th Full Moon of the year, day for worshiping the Moon) special food: 月餅 (pastry shaped in the form of full moon, with great variety of fillings)
重陽節/阳节, chong2yang2jie2 (Double 9th Festival, Double Yang Festival, Senior Citizens Day in Taiwan, the 9th day of the 9th Lunar Month)
尾牙, wei3ya2 (the Last Full Moon of the Year, when Employers throw a banquet in honor of the employees to thank them for their dedication)

Ten Common Food stuffs 十种常見的食物

飯 饭 fàn cooked rice, meal, food
白飯；炒飯；早飯；晚飯(also 餐)；飯館（餐館/餐廳）；飯店
白饭；炒饭；早饭；晚饭(also 餐)；饭馆（餐馆/餐厅）；饭店

麵 面 miàn noodle, flour, powder
湯麵；乾麵；炒麵；麵包
汤面；干面；炒面；面包

饅頭 馒头 mántou steamed bread
餃 饺 jiǎo wrapped dumpling
水餃；蒸餃 （vs. 鍋貼）
水饺；蒸饺 （vs. 锅贴）

餅 饼 bǐng pancake or cookie
月餅；鬆餅
月饼；松饼

雞 鸡 jī chicken
雞肉；雞腿
鸡肉；鸡腿

鴨 鸭 yā duck
烤鴨
烤鸭

魚 鱼 yú fish
魚類vs. 漁業，漁船(fishery)
鱼类vs. 渔业，渔船(fishery)

肉 肉 ròu meat
雞肉；肌肉（muscle， not for food）
鸡肉；肌肉
菜 菜 cài vegetable, dishes, cuisine
買菜；菜市場；中國菜
买菜；菜市场；中国菜