radical groups action or activities of hands/arms

扌

打(da3, hit)
拍(pai1, take picture, pat, clap)
拿 (na2, take)
捏 (nie1, pinch)
捧 (peng3, lift with two hands)
擧 (ju3, lift or raise) 举
擡 (tai2, lift up) 抬
撞 (zhuang4, collide)
扭 (niu3, twist)
推 (tui1, push)
拉 (la1, pull)
揮 (hui1, fling or sway) 挥
按 (an1, press against)
投 (tou2, toss; cast)
扔 (reng1, throw)
抛 (pao1, project)
採 (cai3, pick) 采
搖 (yao2, rock; shake)
擺 (bai3, place, swing back and forth) 摆
抓 (zhua1, scratch, grasp)
搶 (qiang3, fight or compete for; seize)抢
捉 (zhuo1, capture)
捕 (bu3, capture; arrest)
換 (huan4, exchange)
探 (tan4, stick out or probe)
找 (zhao3, seek)
抱 (bao4, embrace)
抽 (chou1, draw from inside)
握 (wo4, grab)
掛 (gua4, hang) 挂
控 (kong4, control or manipulate)
掉 (diao4, drop)
捜 (sou1, search or probe)
援 (yuan2, assist or aid)
插 (cha1, insert or interrupt)
挑 (tiao1 or tiao3, choose or challenge)
擇 (ze2, select) 择

radical groups actitivities/actions of hand

扌

打(da3, hit)

拍(pai1, take picture, pat, clap)

拿 (na2, take)

捏 (nie1, pinch)

捧 (peng3, lift with two hands)

擧 (ju3, lift)

撞 (zhuang4, collide)

扭 (niu3, twist)

推 (tui1, push)

拉 (la1, pull)

揮 (hui1, wave; fling)

按 (an4, press against the surface; push botton)

投 (tou2, toss; cast; throw; pitch)

採 (cai3, pluck; pick; adopt)

搖 (yao2, shake; rock)

抓 (zhua1, catch; scratch; grip)

捉 (zhuo1, catch; capture)

捕 (bu3, catch; arrest)

換 (huan4, switch; swap; exchange)

探 (tan4, probe; reach; explore)

抱 (bao4, embrace; hold; carry with arms against chest)

抽 (chou1, draw; extract)

握 (wo4; grasp; take firmly)

掛 (gua4, hang)

控 (kong4, control; accuse)

掉 (diao4, drop; lose)

捜 (sou1, search)

援 (yuan2, assist, aid)

插 (cha1, insert, cut in)

radical goups 氣體/气体 Gaseous

气

氧 (yang3, oxygen)
氫 (qing1, hydrogen)
氯 (lv4, chlorine)
氮 (dan4, nitrogen)
氦 (hai4, helium)

二氧化碳  èryǎnghuàtàn (carbon dioxide)
二氧化硫 èryǎnghuàliú (sulphur dioxide)

radical groups 礦物/矿物

石：stone / mineral 礦物

碳 (tan4, carbon)
硫 (liu2, sulphur)
矽 (xi4, silicon) (Taiwan usage)
硅 (gui1, silicon) (PRC usage)
碘 (dian3, iodine)
硝 (xiao1, nitre)

radical groups metalic 金屬

金 ：metalic elelments （金屬元素）
金 (jin1, gold)
銀 (yin2, silver) 银
銅 (tong2, copper)
鉄/鐡 (tie, iron) 铁
錫 (xi1, tin) 锡
鉛 (qian1, lead) 铅
鈾 (you4, uranium) 铀
鈽 (bu4, plutonium) 钸
鎂 (mei3, magnesium)
鉀 (jia3, potassium)
鈉 (na4, sodium)
鉻 (luo4, ge4chromium)
鋁 (lv3, aluminum)
鈣 (gai4, calsium) 钙
鋼 (gang1, steel)
鎳 (nie4, nickle)
不銹鋼 (buxiu4gang1, stainless steel)
青銅 (qing1tong2, bronze)
合金 (he2jin1, alloy)

Terms in Cross Strait Issues

兩岸關係/两岸关系 : Cross-strait relation
求同存異/求同存异: seek consensus and keep the divergence intact
海基會/海基会 (Taiwan's/ROC's semi-official rep. office, Cross-strait Exchange Foundations)
海協會/海协会 (PRC's semi-official rep. office, ARATS, Association of Relations and Affairs of Taiwan Strait)
九二共識/九二共识: Consensus reached in Year 1992 (sometimes known as 一中各表)
一中各表: short form for 一個中國，各自表述/一个中国，各自表述
One China, but each adheres to his own interpretation.
陸委會/陆委会 (Taiwan's Council of Mainland China Affairs, CMA)* easily misleading by its face value.
國台辦/国台办 (PRC's Office of Taiwan's Affairs under State Council)* easily misleading by its face value.

"可" + verb

"可" + verb ==> adjective

可憐 (poor, pitiable)
可惡 (spiteful)
可恨 (loathsome)
可愛 (lovely, cute)
可敬 (respectable)
可惜 (it's a shame, it's a pity)
可怕 (terrible)
可悲 (pathetic)
可恥 (shameful)

12 Common Emotion/Feelings

高興/歡樂 (happy/joyful) 高兴/欢乐
悲傷/傷心/悲痛 (sad/sorrowful/heartbroken) 悲伤/伤心/悲痛
難過(sorry) 难过
抱歉/不好意思/過意不去(apologetic/bad about someone's kindness) 抱歉/不好意思/过意不去
生氣/氣憤/憤怒(忿怒) (angry/furious) 生气/气愤/愤怒
沮喪 (depressed) 沮丧
失望 (disappointed) 失望
灰心/氣餒 (frustrated) 灰心/气馁
擔心/擔憂/憂慮 (worried) 担心/担忧/忧虑
放心/鬆了一口氣 (relieved) 放心/松了一口气 contrast with 嘆了一口氣/叹了一口气
吃驚/驚訝/震驚 (surprised/shocked) 吃惊/惊讶/震惊
害怕/恐慌 (fearful/panicked)害怕/恐慌 (contrast with 荒, referring to famine and shortage)

Major figures in international society

(以下譯名以大陸譯名為主，若兩岸譯名不同，後附台灣譯名)

日本首相 安倍晉三(Ānbèi jìnsān/ Shinzō Abe)
日本外相 岸田文雄(Àntián wénxióng / Fumio Kishida)
联合国秘书长 潘基文 (Pān Jīwén / Ban Ki-moon)
英国首相戴维·卡梅伦(Kǎméilún / David W.D. Cameron)

台灣譯名：大衛·卡麥隆(Kǎmàilóng)

德国总理 安格拉·默克尔 (Mòkè'ěr / Angela Merkel)
    台灣譯名：梅克爾 (Méikè'ěr) 

法国总统 弗朗索瓦·奥朗德(Àolǎngdé / François Hollande)
   台灣譯名：歐蘭德 (Ōulándé)

韩国大统领（总统） 朴槿惠 ( Piăojǐnhuì/Pǔjǐnhuì / Park Geun-hye)
朝鲜最高领导者 金正恩  (Jīnzhèng'ēn /Kim Jong-un)

新加坡資政(前總統) 李光耀

 巴基斯坦總理 纳瓦兹·谢里夫/納瓦茲·謝里夫（Nàwǎzī Xièlǐfu/Nawaz Sharif）

 马来西亚总理 纳吉·阿都拉萨 （Nàjí•Ādūlāsà / Najib Razak）

 菲律宾总统  阿基诺三世（Ājīnuò Sānshì /Noynoy Aquino or Benigno S. Aquino III）
   台灣譯名：艾奎諾三世 (Àikuínuò Sānshì)
 
緬甸總統 吴登盛 （Wúdēngshèng/ Thein Sein）

   台灣譯名：登盛(Dēngshèng)
 
緬甸民主黨領袖  昂山素季（Ángshānsùjì/ Aung San Suu Kyi）

   台灣譯名：翁山蘇姬 (Wēngshānsūjī)
 
西藏流亡政府領袖 达赖 (Dálài/ Dalai)

   台灣譯名：達賴喇嘛 (Dálài Lǎma)